2012年5月4日星期五

There was the possibility that the Solomon Islanders

Men rarely get breast cancer, but those who do often don't survive as long as women, largely because they don't even realize they can get it and are slow to recognize louis vuitton online the warning signs, researchers say. On average, women with breast cancer lived two years longer than men in the biggest study yet of the disease in males. The study found that men's breast tumors were larger at diagnosis, more advanced and more likely to have spread to other parts of the body. Men were also diagnosed later in life; in the study, they were 63 on average, versus 59 for women. Many men have no idea that they can get breast cancer, and some doctors are in the dark, too, dismissing symptoms that would be an automatic red flag in women, said study leader Dr. Jon Greif, a breast cancer surgeon in Oakland, Calif. The American Cancer Society estimates 1 in 1,000 men will get breast cancer, versus 1 in 8 women. By comparison, 1 in 6 men will get prostate cancer, the most common cancer in men. Need some mood lighting for a romantic evening this weekend? Look no further than Saturday evening's dazzling moonbeams. The full moon is taking its closest pass by Earth tonight, making it a "super" moon. The super moon will appear about 14 percent bigger and 30 percent brighter than normal full moons and will be the brightest of 2012. The source of the super moon's power: Its elliptical orbit. At 8:35 p.m., the full moon will reach the part of its path that is closest to Earth, called it's perigee. Because of slight variability in its orbit, this perigee is the closest of all the perigees this year for the Earth's satellite. The result is a grand, golden orb. To experience the gravity of its grandeur, NASA astronomers recommend viewing the super moon during moonrise, when the glowing disc emerges over mere terrestrial forms. Behind majestic trees or even towering skyscrapers, the super moon creates an inexplicable illusion that it's even larger than when it's hanging in the sky. The show starts about 8 p.m. Saturday. The super louis vuitton earrings moon rises at 7:59 p.m. amid clear skies while the sun sets at 8:01 p.m. Though super moons sometimes get a bad rap -- particularly from werewolves and headless horsemen -- they mostly only use their powers for good. Super moons only raise tidewaters an insignificant inch or so, and they don't lead to a spike in beastly attacks. But the super moon does have to share its spotlight with other celestial events this month. May 20 will host a new moon and a partial solar eclipse, and on May 21, Venus will be visible just north of the moon. We think of blond hair as a primarily European trait, but around the world there are people who have blond hair scattered throughout the population. Geneticists have gone to trying to solve this riddle, by studying these different populations. Is it a European influence that makes them blond? And if not, are their genes still the same? The most common blonds in the world are ones that come in a bottle. The second most common are the ones who come from Europe. Over there, a gene in the region of SLC24A4 and KITLG gives us blond hair instead of brown, and green eyes instead of blue eyes. Or, maybe they do. So far genetic blondness has mostly been studied in those of European ancestry. A new study changes that — by looking at blonds all the way over in the Solomon Islands in the South Pacific. There seem to be a fair amount of genetic blonds in the islands; between five and ten percent of the population. A team from Stanford University wanted to find out why. There was the possibility that the Solomon Islanders, while far removed from Europe, had genetically crossed over with Europeans over the years. Some genes just have a knack for spreading in the right conditions. If the genetic twist for blondness had originated in the Islands, though, researchers wanted to know if it was the same twist that gave some Europeans their light hair. Is there one or two genes for blondness? Using light-meter readings to quantify hair-color, scientists took height, weight, blood pressure, and saliva samples of forty-two dark-haired and forty-three blond islanders. They were not hopeful when they began analyzing genetic samples, since the confusing mix of genes that make up pigmentation usually result in inconclusive or weak results unless thousands of people participate. To their delight, however, a strong result came in right away, and they could narrow down the blondinating as coming from one gene: TYRP1. TYRP1 encodes an enzyme which has been shown to affect pigmentation in both mice and human tests. It has not, however, been shown to cause blondness in European populations. Solomon Island blonds popped up out of native black lv suits genetics, and not outside influences. And that, in turn, means that there's more than one kind of blond in the world.

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